How to deliver cargo to Mongolia cheaply. Organizing cargo shipping from Mongolia to Russia, China, Europe

Mongolia is a country bordered by Russia to the north and China to the south. The economy of Mongolia is developing at the highest rates in the world. The growth rate of the Mongolian economy is almost twice that of China's economic growth. However, it should be understood that such growth is ensured by the extremely low level of the Mongolian economy from which it started. It is enough to say that nomadic animal husbandry is still the main sector of the country's economy, and there are no more such countries in the world.

Mongolia has rich natural resources. The country has giant deposits of brown and coking coal and deposits of valuable ores. At the same time, about 70% of the country's territory is completely unexplored by geologists, and new amazing discoveries are possible.

Infrastructure for cargo delivery in Mongolia

Mongolia sells its mineral resources on external markets, through the territory of China or Russia. In addition, the country imports industrial equipment and consumer goods. Naturally, a transport infrastructure is required for cargo transportation, and it has been created in Mongolia.

The transport sector in Mongolia still has room for growth, but all major types of modern transport are available in the country. Road, air, rail, and water transport provide cargo transportation within the country and beyond. Mongolia even has its own merchant marine fleet.

Mongolian roads

Transporting cargo on Mongolian roads is not for the faint-hearted. There are about 50,000 kilometers of roads in Mongolia. Of these, less than 9,000 km have a solid surface. The majority of Mongolian roads are unpaved. Only the roads from the capital Ulaanbaatar and from the city of Darkhan leading to the Chinese and Russian borders are asphalted.

If everything is relatively normal on the asphalted roads: road signs, gas stations, some service. The unpaved roads are often directions to unknown places. There are usually no road signs or indicators, and if you stray from the path, you can end up anywhere, for example, in a dead end on the edge of a nomadic pasture. There are also no gas stations on such roads, and you cannot count on any help, so traveling on unpaved Mongolian roads can only be done at your own risk, well prepared for the trip in advance.

Air cargo transportation in Mongolia

Mongolia has about 80 operational airports. 21 of them have a runway (RWY) with a solid surface. Moreover, 10 airports have a solid surface runway with a length of 2438 to 3047 m, and two airports have a runway length of 1524 to 2437 m. These airfields can accommodate modern aircraft, and cargo delivery to Mongolia by air is technically ensured. Interestingly, 25 Mongolian airports with unpaved runways have runways ranging from 1524 to 3047 m. The only airfield in Mongolia that regularly receives flights from abroad and sends them abroad is located in Ulaanbaatar and is named after Genghis Khan.

Cargo delivery by water transport in Mongolia

In Mongolia, navigation is possible on rivers and lakes. Approximately 580 km of waterways are available for this. It actually exists only on Lake Khubsugul. However, the rapidly growing economy of the country required access to the vast sea expanses. In 2003, the Mongolian ship register was established. There is no sea in Mongolia, nor is there one nearby. Ships under the Mongolian flag sail the oceans relying on Chinese and Russian ports, based on intergovernmental agreements. In addition, a joint shipping company with South Korea has been established, based in the port of Busan.

The main purpose of Mongolia's merchant fleet is to export Mongolian coal and ore to international markets. In addition, the country "trades flags," allowing foreign shipowners to register ships under more favorable conditions than in other countries. The Mongolian ship register has more than 2,500 vessels, mainly Chinese and Russian. The crews of the ships are foreign, but Mongolia has already reported on the training of 10 third-class sailors from among its own population.

Mongolian railways

Rail transport accounts for 80% of cargo transportation in Mongolia. The railways belong to the joint venture with Russia, Ulaanbaatar Railway JSC. The length of the railways exceeds 1,800 km. Their main purpose is to connect Russia and China.

Export goods of Mongolia

The main cargo transportation from Mongolia is for the export of Mongolian coal and ore to external markets.